Cinque regole semplici semplici da osservare e da far rispettare per cercare di difendersi dallo spam.
- Non bisogna mai indicare il proprio indirizzo in un sito Web o in un forum o in un newsgroup;
- se è necessario farlo, si deve ricorrere a una forma di "occultamento", per esempio usando un'immagine per visualizzare i caratteri dell'indirizzo oppure alterandolo e includendo istruzioni per decifrarlo (paolo punto attivissimo chiocciolina gmail punto com).
- I siti-trappola vanno evitati assolutamente, rifiutando di concedere il proprio indirizzo a tutti tranne che ai siti di indubbia reputazione.
- Se si ritiene necessario partecipare a una catena di Sant'Antonio, occorre avere l'accortezza di includere gli indirizzi dei destinatari usando l'opzione CCN o "copia carbone nascosta" (BCC, da blind carbon copy, in inglese) presente in tutti i programmi di posta, e di chiedere ai nostri conoscenti di fare altrettanto.
- Per difendersi dai generatori casuali di indirizzi, è sufficiente scegliere un indirizzo che abbia almeno dieci caratteri prima della chiocciolina, in modo da costringere lo spammer a tentare un numero proibitivo di combinazioni prima di arrivare a indovinare il vostro indirizzo.
Etichette: Informatica
Una legge che è un orgoglio italiano. E diciamolo...
Elisabeth Rosenthal, sull'International Herald Tribune
On Jan. 10, 2005, Italy enacted a law that banned smoking in public places like offices, restaurants, cafés and bars. Smokers declared - basta! - they would never comply. Restaurateurs were certain business would flag. And politicians worried that an essential pleasure of Italy would be lost. Nearly two years later, this is what has transpired, according to studies following the fallout: People in Italy smoke a lot less and are exposed to far less secondhand smoke. In fact, the law has grown to be shockingly popular, with support for smoking bans increasing yearly among nonsmokers and smokers alike. Business in bars is up. A study in Turin found that the number of people brought to hospital emergency rooms after suffering heart attacks decreased after the ban (secondhand smoke could be a trigger), a finding that echoes studies in the United States. In Italy - where laws are often enforced with a large degree of latitude and where red lights are ignored if they are deemed inconvenient - there is nearly 100 percent compliance with the anti-smoking statutes. "Italy is not known for success with this kind of regulation, so if it is working in Italy, it can work everywhere," said Silvano Gallus, a researcher at the Mario Negri Institute in Milan, who has studied the law's effect. "I have been very surprised that all Italians, including smokers, seem to be happy with this legislation. Overnight, it has changed the atmosphere." There were howls in the weeks before the ban took hold, just as there is anger building now in France. Alfonso Pecoraro Scanio, a smoker and the leader of the Green party, hoped the law would not be applied in "too restrictive" a manner, a euphemism perhaps for Italy's traditional credo of law enforcement: "Fatta la legge, trovato l'ingano" (Pass the law, find the way around it). Fausto Bertinotti, leader of the Refounded Communists, worried that the law "would have an influence on our way of life," that it would result in a slippery slope, targeting smokers today and someone else's pleasure tomorrow. "Before anti-smoking laws, every country thinks, 'Our country is different, we won't be able to enforce the law here,'" said Geoffrey Fong, a psychologist at the University of Waterloo in Canada who leads the International Tobacco Control Policy Evaluation Project. "But in every community that's gone ahead and tried it, strong initial resistance very quickly gives way to acceptance." Almost two years after the legislation was enacted, Italians have come around: In an unscientific survey undertaken by a reporter this week in Rome, bar owners and restaurateurs responded with broad praise for the law, which all agreed has not hurt business. "It was a huge change, a shock, but most people came to appreciate it since it has improved the atmosphere for dining," said Alberto Baldo, manager of the Vernissage Restaurant and Wine Bar in Piazza San Eustacio. "Everyone accepts it now, even smokers. No one wants to go back." Smokers said they were now used to waiting until the end of the meal for a cigarette, or stepping outside for a smoke (O.K., it is warmer in Italy than in France). Many said they were smoking less. "It's a bit of a headache to go outside," Marco Catalano, who works in a bank, said as he stood outside a bar near Parliament smoking a cigarette. "But I used to smoke 10 cigarettes during a dinner out. Now I smoke one or none at all." In the three months after the ban, cigarette sales dropped 8 percent, Italian tobacco sales data indicate, and the drop was most pronounced among young people aged 15 to 24 - 23 percent. Smoking decreased from more than 26 percent of the population in 2004 to 24.3 in 2006, although it is not clear how much of the drop can be attributed to the ban, since the numbers were decreasing slightly anyway. A study in Ireland, whose ban in 2004 was the first in Europe, showed that half of all smokers said the smoke-free law had made them more likely to quit. "We can say that smoke- free policies account for a decrease in consumption," Gallus said. In a representative survey of more than 3,000 Italians conducted by Gallus in collaboration with the DOXA Institute, a polling group, 9.6 percent of those who responded said they went to bars and restaurants more since the smoking ban; 7.4 percent said they went out less. "The tobacco industry says that people will go out of business with a smoking ban, but that's just a myth, it's not supported by evidence," said Fong, the psychologist. In Gallus's survey, which was published in the Annals of Oncology, 90 percent of the Italians polled said they supported the ban, including many smokers. Violations are enforced with fines of more than €200, or $250. Smoking is still permitted in outdoor seating areas. In the year after the Irish ban took effect, support from smokers jumped to 47 percent from 13 percent for a ban in pubs and to 77 percent from 45 percent for a ban in restaurants, Fong said. Ireland, New Zealand, Norway, Scotland and Uruguay have enacted total bans, as have Australia and Canada and many jurisdictions of the United States. The Italian law allows restaurants and bars the option of creating sealed and independently ventilated smoking rooms, but only a tiny number of them have taken that expensive step. So, dear neighbors, don't fret about being smoke free. The French ban won't really hit until 2008, anyway. Italians will tell you they worried for naught, another Y2K that never happened. Maurizio Bertusi, owner of Rome's Enoteca Capranica, said: "It has been good, actually, because everywhere there are more nonsmokers than smokers, so this keeps the larger number happy."
Elisabeth Rosenthal, sull'International Herald Tribune
On Jan. 10, 2005, Italy enacted a law that banned smoking in public places like offices, restaurants, cafés and bars. Smokers declared - basta! - they would never comply. Restaurateurs were certain business would flag. And politicians worried that an essential pleasure of Italy would be lost. Nearly two years later, this is what has transpired, according to studies following the fallout: People in Italy smoke a lot less and are exposed to far less secondhand smoke. In fact, the law has grown to be shockingly popular, with support for smoking bans increasing yearly among nonsmokers and smokers alike. Business in bars is up. A study in Turin found that the number of people brought to hospital emergency rooms after suffering heart attacks decreased after the ban (secondhand smoke could be a trigger), a finding that echoes studies in the United States. In Italy - where laws are often enforced with a large degree of latitude and where red lights are ignored if they are deemed inconvenient - there is nearly 100 percent compliance with the anti-smoking statutes. "Italy is not known for success with this kind of regulation, so if it is working in Italy, it can work everywhere," said Silvano Gallus, a researcher at the Mario Negri Institute in Milan, who has studied the law's effect. "I have been very surprised that all Italians, including smokers, seem to be happy with this legislation. Overnight, it has changed the atmosphere." There were howls in the weeks before the ban took hold, just as there is anger building now in France. Alfonso Pecoraro Scanio, a smoker and the leader of the Green party, hoped the law would not be applied in "too restrictive" a manner, a euphemism perhaps for Italy's traditional credo of law enforcement: "Fatta la legge, trovato l'ingano" (Pass the law, find the way around it). Fausto Bertinotti, leader of the Refounded Communists, worried that the law "would have an influence on our way of life," that it would result in a slippery slope, targeting smokers today and someone else's pleasure tomorrow. "Before anti-smoking laws, every country thinks, 'Our country is different, we won't be able to enforce the law here,'" said Geoffrey Fong, a psychologist at the University of Waterloo in Canada who leads the International Tobacco Control Policy Evaluation Project. "But in every community that's gone ahead and tried it, strong initial resistance very quickly gives way to acceptance." Almost two years after the legislation was enacted, Italians have come around: In an unscientific survey undertaken by a reporter this week in Rome, bar owners and restaurateurs responded with broad praise for the law, which all agreed has not hurt business. "It was a huge change, a shock, but most people came to appreciate it since it has improved the atmosphere for dining," said Alberto Baldo, manager of the Vernissage Restaurant and Wine Bar in Piazza San Eustacio. "Everyone accepts it now, even smokers. No one wants to go back." Smokers said they were now used to waiting until the end of the meal for a cigarette, or stepping outside for a smoke (O.K., it is warmer in Italy than in France). Many said they were smoking less. "It's a bit of a headache to go outside," Marco Catalano, who works in a bank, said as he stood outside a bar near Parliament smoking a cigarette. "But I used to smoke 10 cigarettes during a dinner out. Now I smoke one or none at all." In the three months after the ban, cigarette sales dropped 8 percent, Italian tobacco sales data indicate, and the drop was most pronounced among young people aged 15 to 24 - 23 percent. Smoking decreased from more than 26 percent of the population in 2004 to 24.3 in 2006, although it is not clear how much of the drop can be attributed to the ban, since the numbers were decreasing slightly anyway. A study in Ireland, whose ban in 2004 was the first in Europe, showed that half of all smokers said the smoke-free law had made them more likely to quit. "We can say that smoke- free policies account for a decrease in consumption," Gallus said. In a representative survey of more than 3,000 Italians conducted by Gallus in collaboration with the DOXA Institute, a polling group, 9.6 percent of those who responded said they went to bars and restaurants more since the smoking ban; 7.4 percent said they went out less. "The tobacco industry says that people will go out of business with a smoking ban, but that's just a myth, it's not supported by evidence," said Fong, the psychologist. In Gallus's survey, which was published in the Annals of Oncology, 90 percent of the Italians polled said they supported the ban, including many smokers. Violations are enforced with fines of more than €200, or $250. Smoking is still permitted in outdoor seating areas. In the year after the Irish ban took effect, support from smokers jumped to 47 percent from 13 percent for a ban in pubs and to 77 percent from 45 percent for a ban in restaurants, Fong said. Ireland, New Zealand, Norway, Scotland and Uruguay have enacted total bans, as have Australia and Canada and many jurisdictions of the United States. The Italian law allows restaurants and bars the option of creating sealed and independently ventilated smoking rooms, but only a tiny number of them have taken that expensive step. So, dear neighbors, don't fret about being smoke free. The French ban won't really hit until 2008, anyway. Italians will tell you they worried for naught, another Y2K that never happened. Maurizio Bertusi, owner of Rome's Enoteca Capranica, said: "It has been good, actually, because everywhere there are more nonsmokers than smokers, so this keeps the larger number happy."
Etichette: Politica
Alessandro Fulciniti su webdesign.html.it
Il formato PNG (Portable Network Graphics) è un formato di file grafico nato nel lontano 1995 e diventato una raccomandazione W3C nel 1996. È nato come una valida alternativa al formato GIF, dato che quest'ultimo a quei tempi si presentava coperto da brevetto (ora scaduto). Il formato PNG si rivela da subito migliore del GIF: libero, una maggiore compressione, una capacità di rappresentazione di colori più ampia e soprattutto trasparenza variabile. Le immagini GIF hanno infatti una trasparenza binaria (ogni singolo pixel può essere totalmente trasparente o totalmente coprente) mentre le PNG oltre alla trasparenza binaria, supportano una trasparenza su 256 livelli almeno. Il formato PNG si rivela migliore anche del JPG: infatti le PNG, come le GIF, usano una compressione loseless, ossia senza perdita di informazione. Per ulteriori dettagli sulle PNG, rimando al sito ufficiale. La maggior parte dei programmi di grafica riesce a salvare immagini PNG, con diverse opzioni.
Uno degli usi ideali delle PNG per le sue caratteristiche di compattezza, trasparenza (in inglese alpha) e correzione cromatica (gamma) è senz'altro la grafica orientata al web. Le premesse sono ottime... ma la realtà non è altrettanto ottimale. Internet Explorer, il browser più diffuso al mondo, aggiunge il supporto delle PNG solo con la versione 5.5, uscita nel 2000. Un supporto parziale, purtroppo.
IE dalla versione 5.5 in poi è infatti in grado di mostrare le PNG, ma non ha il supporto per la trasparenza variabile. Il browser di casa Microsoft non ha più prodotto aggiornamenti dalla versione 6.0, e le PNG sono quindi ferme: IE5.5 e 6 riescono a leggere queste immagini senza trasparenza o con trasparenza binaria (se quindi si presentano a 8bit) ma per le immagini con trasparenza variabile, niente da fare. A tal punto che è stata è aperta una petizione on-line che conta ad oggi ben sedicimila adesioni.
Vi invito, come io ho fatto, a firmare a favore di questa petizione!
Etichette: Informatica
Un mio conoscente che ha sempre lavorato nel settore aereo (prima come responsabile italiano di American Airlines, poi come caposcalo con Air Europe con Eva Air e altre compagnie) è stato in questi mesi assunto in qualità di consulente da Alitalia.
A lui e al suo team, composto da poche persone (si contano sulle dita di una mano), è stato chiesto l'incarico di FORMALIZZARE e STANDARDIZZARE i contratti. La motivazione di questa operazione? Semplice. Parole testuali di chi ha dato a loro l'incarico: "dovete standardizzare i contratti perchè attualmente come sono stipulati non si riesce a capire se per ogni attività che facciamo e ogni contratto che stipuliamo ci guadagniamo o ci perdiamo".
Alitalia è nata nel 1947. Quindi è plausibile ipotizzare che dal millenovecentoquarantasette la compagnia nazionale lavori alla cieca, di fatto basandosi sulle tasche dei contribuenti.
E non ditemi che questo non è assistenzialismo.
Sempre parlando di Alitalia, sappiate che quasi tutto il personale che lavora a malpensa viene mandato su da fiumicino, con il primo volo della mattina. Meccanici, hostess, piloti. Tutti vengono su da roma ogni mattina. ma noi qui non abbiamo meccanici, piloti, hostess?
E non ditemi che questo non è assistenzialismo.
Come se non bastasse, qui a Milano ci sono lavori che per essere completati necessitano di due persone, non di più. A Roma, per lo stesso lavoro, le tabelle sindacali prevedono la maggior parte delle volte non due ma QUATTRO o CINQUE persone...
E non ditemi che questo non è assistenzialismo.
A lui e al suo team, composto da poche persone (si contano sulle dita di una mano), è stato chiesto l'incarico di FORMALIZZARE e STANDARDIZZARE i contratti. La motivazione di questa operazione? Semplice. Parole testuali di chi ha dato a loro l'incarico: "dovete standardizzare i contratti perchè attualmente come sono stipulati non si riesce a capire se per ogni attività che facciamo e ogni contratto che stipuliamo ci guadagniamo o ci perdiamo".
Alitalia è nata nel 1947. Quindi è plausibile ipotizzare che dal millenovecentoquarantasette la compagnia nazionale lavori alla cieca, di fatto basandosi sulle tasche dei contribuenti.
E non ditemi che questo non è assistenzialismo.
Sempre parlando di Alitalia, sappiate che quasi tutto il personale che lavora a malpensa viene mandato su da fiumicino, con il primo volo della mattina. Meccanici, hostess, piloti. Tutti vengono su da roma ogni mattina. ma noi qui non abbiamo meccanici, piloti, hostess?
E non ditemi che questo non è assistenzialismo.
Come se non bastasse, qui a Milano ci sono lavori che per essere completati necessitano di due persone, non di più. A Roma, per lo stesso lavoro, le tabelle sindacali prevedono la maggior parte delle volte non due ma QUATTRO o CINQUE persone...
E non ditemi che questo non è assistenzialismo.
Etichette: Politica
